Blood Pressure: Its Significance and Measurement

This guide provides an understanding of blood pressure, how it's measured, and its impact on overall health, including conditions like hypertension and hypotension.

What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure measures the force of blood against artery walls, expressed in mmHg, typically shown as two numbers, for example, 120/80 mmHg.

Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure

• Systolic Blood Pressure: Measured when the heart beats, indicating the force during heart contractions.
• Diastolic Blood Pressure: Measured when the heart rests between beats, indicating the force during relaxation.

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

Hypertension is defined as blood pressure readings consistently at or above 140/90 mmHg. It can increase the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and kidney disease.

Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension)

Hypotension occurs when blood pressure readings are consistently at or below 90/60 mmHg, potentially causing dizziness or fainting.

Factors Affecting Blood Pressure

Various factors can influence blood pressure, including age, gender, weight, family history, stress, lifestyle habits, and certain medications.

Measuring Blood Pressure

Blood pressure is measured using a cuff and stethoscope. The systolic reading is noted when blood flow is first heard, and the diastolic reading when it disappears.

Importance of Regular Check-Ups

Regular blood pressure check-ups are vital as hypertension often shows no symptoms. Treatment may involve lifestyle changes or medication.